218 research outputs found
Abstract Representation of Music: A Type-Based Knowledge Representation Framework
The wholesale efficacy of computer-based music research is contingent on the sharing and reuse of information and analysis methods amongst researchers across the constituent disciplines. However, computer systems for the analysis and manipulation of musical data are generally not interoperable. Knowledge representation has been extensively used in the domain of music to harness the benefits of formal conceptual modelling combined with logic based automated inference. However, the available knowledge representation languages lack sufficient logical expressivity to support sophisticated musicological concepts. In this thesis we present a type-based framework for abstract representation of musical knowledge. The core of the framework is a multiple-hierarchical information model called a constituent structure, which accommodates diverse kinds of musical information. The framework includes a specification logic for expressing formal descriptions of the components of the representation. We give a formal specification for the framework in the Calculus of Inductive Constructions, an expressive logical language which lends itself to the abstract specification of data types and information structures. We give an implementation of our framework using Semantic Web ontologies and JavaScript. The ontologies capture the core structural aspects of the representation, while the JavaScript tools implement the functionality of the abstract specification. We describe how our framework supports three music analysis tasks: pattern search and discovery, paradigmatic analysis and hierarchical set-class analysis, detailing how constituent structures are used to represent both the input and output of these analyses including sophisticated structural annotations. We present a simple demonstrator application, built with the JavaScript tools, which performs simple analysis and visualisation of linked data documents structured by the ontologies. We conclude with a summary of the contributions of the thesis and a discussion of the type-based approach to knowledge representation, as well as a number of avenues for future work in this area
Studies in theory and method in sociolinguistics
PhD ThesisProblems raised in a pilot linguistic survey of a street in
Newcastle upon Tyne (Pellowe 1967) are here treated
positively. An informal normative model of the hearer's
treatment of the speaker's output is developed in terms both
of psychological processing and of social interpretation.
This model is then interpreted methodologically and used to
generate an analytical framework and a set of
mete-interpretive procedures. These are tested in various
ways on samples of speech from members of the Tyneside
speech community, on experimental groups of hearers and
speakers, and on various miscellaneous data. The generality,
replicability and accountability of the methods are
examined, and the consequences of the model and its
techniques are contrasted with those of other studies
Gorceixia decurrens (Compositae: Vernonieae): nova espécie para o estado da Bahia, Brasil
Recent fieldwork and collections have added a new genus to the Compositae flora of Bahia State, Brazil. Gorceixia decurrens is newly recorded for the State from Caatinga woodland along the lower part of the Estrada Real, in the municipality of Rio de Contas. A full description is provided, its distribution and conservation status discussed; likely affinities in the Vernonieae are discussed with the conclusion that it belongs to the subtribe Piptocarphinae.Trabalhos de campo e coletas recentes na Bahia, Brasil, permitiram adicionar mais um gênero para a flora do Estado. Gorceixia decurrens foi coletada em 2001, em área de Caatinga Arbórea, na base da Estrada Real no municÃpio a Rio de Contas. É fornecida uma completa descrição da espécie e discussão sobre sua distribuição e estado de conservação. Também, é apresentada discussão do posicionamento do gênero monotÃpico nas Vernonieae concluindo-se que o mesmo pertence à subtribo Piptocarphinae
Iterative Design of Aquaponics at the American Farm School
Aquaponics is an innovative, and widely investigated, urban agriculture technology that employs a symbiotic relationship between fish and plants to increase food production. The American Farm School, located in Thessaloniki Greece, is interested in investigating the potential of aquaponics. This project aimed to investigate the possibilities of integrating aquaponics within the school’s educational and research curricula. Utilizing a human centered design type approach, the interests of different stakeholders were examined to guide design criteria for aquaponics systems that met the needs of the American Farm School and Perrotis College
The Physics of Indirect Estimators of Lyman Continuum Escape and their Application to High-Redshift JWST Galaxies
Reliable indirect diagnostics of LyC photon escape from galaxies are required
to understand which sources were the dominant contributors to reionization.
While multiple escape fraction () indicators have been proposed to
trace favourable conditions for LyC leakage from the interstellar medium of
low-redshift ``analog'' galaxies, it remains unclear whether these are
applicable at high redshifts where LyC emission cannot be directly observed.
Using a library of 14,120 mock spectra of star-forming galaxies with redshifts
from the SPHINX cosmological radiation
hydrodynamics simulation, we develop a framework for the physics that leads to
high . We investigate LyC leakage from our galaxies based on the
criteria that successful LyC escape diagnostics must \textit{i)} track a high
specific star formation rate, \textit{ii)} be sensitive to stellar population
age in the range ~Myr representing the times when supernova first
explode to when LyC production significantly drops, and \textit{iii)} include a
proxy for neutral gas content and gas density in the interstellar medium. , , M, and H equivalent width
select for one or fewer of our criteria, rendering them either necessary but
insufficient or generally poor diagnostics. In contrast, UV slope (),
and match two or more of our criteria, rendering them good
diagnostics (albeit with significant scatter). Using our library,
we build a quantitative model for predicting based on ,
, H, M, , and .
When applied to bright Ly emitters observed with JWST, we find
that the majority of them have .Comment: 16 pages, 15 figures, 1 table, submitted to MNRA
Reviews
C.S. Lewis, Poetry, and the Great War 1914-1918. John Bremer. Reviewed by Joe R. Christopher.
Collected Poems. Hope Mirrlees. Ed. and intro. Sandeep Parmar. Reviewed by Nicholas Birns.
Fantasy, Art and Life: Essays on George MacDonald, Robert Louis Stevenson and Other Fantasy Writers. William Gray. Reviewed by Scott McLaren.
C. S. Lewis and the Middle Ages. Robert Boenig. Reviewed by Holly Ordway.
Sherlock Holmes for the 21st Century: Essays on New Adaptations. Edited by Lynnette Porter. Reviewed by Janet Brennan Croft.
Dancing the Tao: Le Guin and Moral Development. Sandra J. Lindow. Reviewed by Carl Badgley.
Hobbit Place-names: A Linguistic Excursion Through the Shire. Rainer Nagel. Reviewed by Troels Forchhammer.
The Broken Scythe: Death and Immortality in the Works of J.R.R. Tolkien. Edited by Roberto Arduini and Claudio A. Testi. Reviewed by Harley J. Sims.
The Hobbit Tarot. Terry Donaldson (author of guide pamphlet) and Peter Pracownik (artist). Reviewed by Emily A Auger.
The Lord of the Rings Tarot Deck and Card Game. Terry Donaldson (author of guidebook), Peter Pracownik (artist), and Mike Fitzgerald (game rules). Reviewed by Emily A Auger.
J.K. Rowling: Harry Potter. Edited by Cynthia J. Hallett and Peggy J. Huey. Reviewed by Janet Brennan Croft
Identification of Differentially Expressed Proteins in Murine Embryonic and Postnatal Cortical Neural Progenitors
BACKGROUND: The central nervous system (CNS) develops from a heterogeneous pool of neural stem and progenitor cells (NSPC), the underlying differences among which are poorly understood. The study of NSPC would be greatly facilitated by the identification of additional proteins that mediate their function and that would distinguish amongst different progenitor populations. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: To identify membrane and membrane-associated proteins expressed by NSPC, we used a proteomics approach to profile NSPC cultured as neurospheres (NS) isolated from the murine cortex during a period of neurogenesis (embryonic day 11.5, E11.5), as compared to NSPC isolated at a peak of gliogenesis (postnatal day 1, P0) and to differentiated E11.5 NS. 54 proteins were identified with high expression in E11.5 NS, including the TrkC receptor, several heterotrimeric G proteins, and the Neogenin receptor. 24 proteins were identified with similar expression in E11.5 and P0 NS over differentiated E11.5 NS, and 13 proteins were identified with high expression specifically in P0 NS compared to E11.5 NS. To illustrate the potential relevance of these identified proteins to neural stem cell biology, the function of Neogenin was further studied. Using Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorting (FACS) analysis, expression of Neogenin was associated with a self-renewing population present in both E11.5 and adult subventricular zone (SVZ) NS but not in P0 NS. E11.5 NS expressed a putative Neogenin ligand, RGMa, and underwent apoptosis when exposed to a ligand-blocking antibody. CONCLUSIONS/SIGNIFICANCE: There are fundamental differences between the continuously self-renewing and more limited progenitors of the developing cortex. We identified a subset of differentially expressed proteins that serve not only as a set of functionally important proteins, but as a useful set of markers for the subsequent analysis of NSPC. Neogenin is associated with the continuously self-renewing and neurogenic cells present in E11.5 cortical and adult SVZ NS, and the Neogenin/RGMa receptor/ligand pair may regulate cell survival during development
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